收音机在初期被称为“无线电报”。从1913年开始，业余无线电报站设置在树木和屋顶上。天线和桅杆点缀着乡村。据估计，几乎存在“四分之一的站点”。它们用于发送和接收无线电报信号，而不是声音。真空管尚不普遍众所周知。这些车站必须依赖火花差距。
It was the energy spikes, or surges that the spark gap transmitters generated that first caught T. H. Moray’s attention back in 1903. In 1909, Moray devised a circuit that would draw electricity from the surges of energy that were thought to travel through the ground. By the fall of 1910, he obtained enough electrical energy from the ground to power a miniature arc lamp. During the Christmas holidays of 1911, he was able to power an old type 16-candle carbon arc lamp at about half of its normal brightness.
1912年，虽然亨利海莱在瑞典乌普萨拉的摩门教教堂进行了使命，但他对水晶收音机的热情让他在辐射能量科学中开始。每次搜索矿物的每一刻都可以作为良好的无线电探测器。Moray发现了两种标本，它用作无线电探测器。他在山坡上发现的材料可能很好地是一种类型argenti-zinciferrous-galena。This type of galena is highly sensitive to radio waves that would have allowed his receiver to function without a battery. My finding here is based on the fact that Moray describes a synthetic galena type formula in his电疗装置 - 美国专利No.2,460,707。这种材料只能使用从本地无线站传输的电力，以驱动小喇叭扬声器，因为他报道。
另一个探测器材料是白色,粉,stone-like material that he found in a railway car, located in Abisko, Sweden. Military Contract No. F42600-75-2212, Hill Airforce Base, Ogden, Utah, Final Report dated April 15, 1977, page 4, 2.6.2, indicates that it contained a small amount of crystallized silicate but consisted mostly of “融合硅酸盐。“二氧化硅是硅，二氧化硅（SiO2）简单氧化物的化学名称。矿物学家称这个化合物称为这个化合物石英。这通常是其结晶形式的自然界。可能发现的海鳗是石英metamict状态。当结晶矿物导致由于放射性破坏而失去其晶体结构时，形成代表矿物质。它必须至少含有铀和钍或钍的杂质量。由于A衰变的辐射损坏，石英在其认可状态下，石英是或多或少的非晶态。“在数亿年的过程中，可能发生高达1019衰变/ g的衰减剂量，这可能导致石英结构的完全无色”（1）。Moray可能最终有什么人工威斯梅蒂，通过将其结晶的石英粉化并向它添加粉末状锌（ZnO）矿物质，然后将它们融合在一起。人造威士炼是一种白色的块状物质。化学上，它是锌的无水硅酸盐，具有组合物ZnO SiO 2。当膨胀物暴露于镭的制备时，它用细绿发光荧光。通过近距离少量镭而产生的亮度，例如谷物的第十三，足以使得能够在完全黑暗中的手表上读取时间。在某些情况下，人造物质的亮度优于天然矿物质。
Moray’s mineral find became known as the “Swedish Stone.” He was able to light a standard 100-watt General Electric light bulb in June of 1925 using this material in his circuitry. By August 1925 he was able power an electric flat iron along with a 100-watt bulb. Therefore, bringing the total power consumed to 655 watts. People would quite often demand that he would draw too much power from his device and the white, stone-like material would overheat and burn up.
The Federal Radio Commission on Nov. 11, 1928 limited the amount that could be transmitted from telegraph stations. Because of this Moray’s energy device could no longer generate high wattage. His device depended on these stations to excite the Swedish Stone into giving up its energy. Scores of spark gap driven telegraph stations had to be dismantled and in effect had been given death sentences. This spelled disaster for Moray. His device would still generate power but the amount of power that it generated was restrained. Originally, Moray’s device had relied on the telegraph stations to excite it into generating electrical power. This forced him to find another way to excite his circuitry. Moray could utilize the natural background radio energy but unfortunately, the result was that only very low power would be generated. This forced Moray to develop a more sensitive detector material. It was not too long before he got the inspiration to add ionizing radioactive substances to it. This new detector was housed in a quartz tube in order to control its environment. This was done so that it would not oxidize. This line of research occurred shortly after the Radio Allocation Act of 1928 when Moray’s detectors were no longer able to generate steady power. His Radiant Energy circuitry could still produce power but it only did so in pulses. The power was not constant. The addition of radioactive impurities allowed the production of a steady flow of energy.
Moray于1943年建立了他的最后一个辐射能量装置。该设备能够点亮一群灯泡。未指定灯数及其各自的瓦数。该设备在其测试运行中同年烧毁了。这是由于“电路过载。”当电路烧掉海鳗决定拆除探测器“害怕损害其秘密。”
